In this tutorial, we are going to build a notepad app from scratch together in Python.
One of the complaints with people who are learning #Python is it is hard to find tutorials showing them how to build a “Complete Practical Application” from start to finish. Most Python tutorials out there are focusing on teaching you the concepts, how to build small programs, to help you build the foundation knowledge. So I decided during the quarantine period, we can build a simple yet practical notepad application together using Python and PyQt5 framework.
This tutorial caters to people who are at least proficient in writing small to medium Python programs. We will be using classes, metaclasses, building custom methods/functions, all the fun stuff.
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Source Code:
import sys, os
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, \
QPushButton, QLabel, QPlainTextEdit, QStatusBar, QToolBar, \
QVBoxLayout, QAction, QFileDialog, QMessageBox
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QSize
from PyQt5.QtGui import QFontDatabase, QIcon, QKeySequence
from PyQt5.QtPrintSupport import QPrintDialog
class AppDemo(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('./Icons/notepad.ico'))
self.screen_width, self.screen_height = self.geometry().width(), self.geometry().height()
self.resize(self.screen_width * 2, self.screen_height * 2)
self.filterTypes = 'Text Document (*.txt);; Python (*.py);; Markdown (*.md)'
self.path = None
fixedFont = QFontDatabase.systemFont(QFontDatabase.FixedFont)
fixedFont.setPointSize(12)
mainLayout = QVBoxLayout()
# editor
self.editor = QPlainTextEdit()
self.editor.setFont(fixedFont)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.editor)
# stautsBar
self.statusBar = self.statusBar()
# app container
container = QWidget()
container.setLayout(mainLayout)
self.setCentralWidget(container)
#----------------------------------
# File Menu
#----------------------------------
file_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu('&File')
#----------------------------------
# File ToolBar
#----------------------------------
file_toolbar = QToolBar('File')
file_toolbar.setIconSize(QSize(60, 60))
self.addToolBar(Qt.BottomToolBarArea, file_toolbar)
"""
open, save, saveAs
"""
open_file_action = QAction(QIcon('./Icons/file_open.ico'), 'Open File...', self)
open_file_action.setStatusTip('Open file')
open_file_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Open)
open_file_action.triggered.connect(self.file_open) #TODO
save_file_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/save_file.ico', 'Save File', 'Save file', self.file_save)
save_file_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Save)
save_fileAs_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/save_as_file.ico', 'Save File As...', 'Save file as', self.file_saveAs)
save_fileAs_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence('Ctrl+Shift+S'))
file_menu.addActions([open_file_action, save_file_action, save_fileAs_action])
file_toolbar.addActions([open_file_action, save_file_action, save_fileAs_action])
# Print Action (Print Document)
print_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/printer.ico', 'Print File', 'Print file', self.print_file)
print_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Print)
file_menu.addAction(print_action)
file_toolbar.addAction(print_action)
#----------------------------------
# Edit Menu
#----------------------------------
edit_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu('&Edit')
#----------------------------------
# Edit ToolBar
#----------------------------------
edit_toolbar =QToolBar('Edit')
edit_toolbar.setIconSize(QSize(60, 60))
self.addToolBar(Qt.BottomToolBarArea, edit_toolbar)
# Undo, Redo Actions
undo_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/undo.ico', 'Undo', 'Undo', self.editor.undo)
undo_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Undo)
redo_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/redo.ico', 'Redo', 'Redo', self.editor.redo)
redo_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Redo)
edit_menu.addActions([undo_action, redo_action])
edit_toolbar.addActions([undo_action, redo_action])
# Clear action
clear_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/clear.ico', 'Clear', 'Clear', self.clear_content)
edit_menu.addAction(clear_action)
edit_toolbar.addAction(clear_action)
# add separator
edit_menu.addSeparator()
edit_toolbar.addSeparator()
# cut, copy, paste, select all
cut_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/cut.ico', 'Cut', 'Cut', self.editor.cut)
copy_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/copy.ico', 'Copy', 'Copy', self.editor.copy)
paste_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/paste.ico', 'Paste', 'Paste', self.editor.paste)
select_all_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/select_all.ico', 'Select All', 'Select all', self.editor.selectAll)
cut_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Cut)
copy_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Copy)
paste_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.Paste)
select_all_action.setShortcut(QKeySequence.SelectAll)
edit_menu.addActions([cut_action, copy_action, paste_action, select_all_action])
edit_toolbar.addActions([cut_action, copy_action, paste_action, select_all_action])
# add separator
edit_menu.addSeparator()
edit_toolbar.addSeparator()
# wrap text
wrap_text_action = self.create_action(self, './Icons/wrap_text.ico', 'Wrap Text', 'Wrap text', self.toggle_wrap_text)
wrap_text_action.setShortcut('Ctrl+Shift+W')
edit_menu.addAction(wrap_text_action)
edit_toolbar.addAction(wrap_text_action)
self.update_title()
def toggle_wrap_text(self):
self.editor.setLineWrapMode(not self.editor.lineWrapMode())
def clear_content(self):
self.editor.setPlainText('')
def file_open(self):
path, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(
parent=self,
caption='Open file',
directory='',
filter=self.filterTypes
)
if path:
try:
with open(path, 'r') as f:
text = f.read()
f.close()
except Exception as e:
self.dialog_message(str(e))
else:
self.path = path
self.editor.setPlainText(text)
self.update_title()
def file_save(self):
if self.path is None:
self.file_saveAs()
else:
try:
text = self.editor.toPlainText()
with open(self.path, 'w') as f:
f.write(text)
f.close()
except Exception as e:
self.dialog_message(str(e))
def file_saveAs(self):
path, _ = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(
self,
'Save file as',
'',
self.filterTypes
)
text = self.editor.toPlainText()
if not path:
return
else:
try:
with open(path, 'w') as f:
f.write(text)
f.close()
except Exception as e:
self.dialog_message(str(e))
else:
self.path = path
self.update_title()
def print_file(self):
printDialog = QPrintDialog()
if printDialog.exec_():
self.editor.print_(printDialog.printer())
def update_title(self):
self.setWindowTitle('{0} - NotepadX'.format(os.path.basename(self.path) if self.path else 'Unittled'))
def dialog_message(self, message):
dlg = QMessageBox(self)
dlg.setText(message)
dlg.setIcon(QMessageBox.Critical)
dlg.show()
def create_action(self, parent, icon_path, action_name, set_status_tip, triggered_method) :
action = QAction(QIcon(icon_path), action_name, parent)
action.setStatusTip(set_status_tip)
action.triggered.connect(triggered_method)
return action
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
notePade = AppDemo()
notePade.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
